When it comes to the world of technical program management, it is crucial to understand the key differences between project management and program management.

Project management focuses on overseeing the successful completion of a specific project — including tasks, timelines, resources, and deliverables.

Technical/Program management, on the other hand, involves managing multiple related projects that are grouped together to achieve a common strategic goal or objective.

Program managers (TPMs) are responsible for aligning individual project goals with the overall program objectives, ensuring that resources are allocated effectively, risks are managed, and stakeholders are engaged and informed. They also play a key role in driving cross-functional collaboration, identifying dependencies between projects, and optimizing processes to improve efficiency and outcomes.

In summary, while project management focuses on delivering a single output within a set timeframe, technical/program management oversees a group of interdependent projects to achieve a broader strategic outcome. By understanding the difference between these two disciplines, TPMs can better navigate complex initiatives and drive successful results for their organizations.

Examples to Make It Clear

TPM (Technical Program Manager)

A TPM oversees an entire program and works closely with Product Managers (PMs) to shape new projects within that program.

By bridging the gap between PMs and technical teams, TPMs ensure that all projects within a program are executed successfully.

A TPM ensures that the technology strategy of the program aligns with the company and portfolio strategy. This could mean prioritizing security requirements or adopting cloud technologies.

TPMs also plan where investments should be made — for example, improving disaster recovery by deploying the product in an additional region or automating data pipelines to boost reliability.

PgM (Project Manager)

Project Managers (PgMs) handle projects end-to-end by focusing on execution and delivery.

They are responsible for keeping projects on track, meeting deadlines, and ensuring alignment with objectives. PMs coordinate teams, manage resources, and handle communication to ensure successful delivery.

In large programs, a TPM may oversee 5–7 projects and work with several PMs. In reality, depending on the organization, those PM roles may be covered by others — such as a Scrum Master, Engineering Manager, or even a vendor’s Project Manager dedicated to your program.

Advice

Some companies label a role as “Program Manager” when it’s actually a “Project Manager” position. Always read the job description carefully. Even if the title says “Program Manager,” don’t hesitate to apply if the responsibilities align with your experience.

Key Lesson Concepts

• Project management focuses on individual projects, while program management oversees multiple related projects under a common objective.
• Program managers align project goals with program objectives, allocate resources effectively, manage risks, and engage stakeholders.
• Program management involves driving collaboration, identifying dependencies, and optimizing processes to achieve strategic outcomes.